五、分词用作伴随状语

He sat in the chair reading a newspaper. 他坐在椅子上看报。

Don't you sit there doing nothing. 别什么也不干坐在那里。

He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。(from www.yywords.com)

【说明】理解“伴随状语”的关键是要理解“伴随”二字。分词(短语)用作伴随状语时，它表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生，即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作，分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。

请看下面的例题：

(1) Don’t sit there ______ nothing. Come and help me with this table.

A. do                         B. to do                         C. doing                         D. and doing

(2) My cousin came to see me from the country, ______ me a full basket of fresh fruits.

A. brought                  B. bringing                     C. to bring                      D. had brought

(3) Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing.

A. saying                        B. said                        C. to say                        D. having said

(4) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, ______ that all children like these things.

A. thinking                        B. think                        C. to think                        D. thought

【分析】以上四题答案分别为CBAA。(from www.yywords.com)

六、分词用作方式状语

He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋取生。

I'm returning you letter as requested. 我按要求给你退信。

【说明】分词(短语)用作方式状语与用作伴随状语的情形比较接近。有时用作方式状语的现在分词可以转换成by doing sth的结构，如上面第一句也可换成：

He earns a living by driving a truck.