三、分词用作条件状语

Working hard, you will succeed. 如果努力工作，你就可以成功。

Adding them all up, we can find the answer. 如果把它们加起来，我们就可以得到答案。

United, we stand; divided, we fall. 团结则存，分裂则亡。

Given more time, we could have done it better. 如果多给点时间，我们可以做得更好。

【说明】分词(短语)用作条件状语通常可转换成由从属连词if引导的条件状语从句，如上面几句也可转换成：

If you work hard, you will succeed.

If we add them all up, we can find the answer.

If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fall.

If we had been given more time, we could have done it better.

请看下面的例题：

______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.

A. Having given                        B. To give                        C. Giving                        D. Given

【分析】答案选D。give 与其逻辑主语 he 是动宾关系，用过去分词，故选 D。分词短语 Given time 可转换成条件状语从顺 If he is given time。

四、分词用作让步状语

Although living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。

Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。

【说明】分词(短语)用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连词though, although, no matter…等引导的让步状语从句，如上面两句也可转换成：

Although he lived miles away, he attended the course.

Thought he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.

请看下面的例题：

No matter how frequently ______, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.

A. performed                                               B. performing   

C. to be performed                                       D. being performed

【分析】答案选A。现在分词短语performed在此相当于they are performed。No matter how frequently they are performed的意思是“无论它们（指贝多芬的作品）被演奏多少次”。