The number of new cancer cases worldwide is expected to increase by 50% by the year 2020. But a new report suggests that as many as a third of new cancers could be avoided by adopting healthier lifestyles and through public health action.

　　The World Cancer Report, released by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, shows that cancer has now emerged as a major public health threat in developing countries as well as rich ones.

　　Overall, cancer was responsible for 12% of all deaths in 2000. But in many countries more than a quarter of all deaths are caused by cancer.

　　The report shows that 10 million new cancers were diagnosed globally in 2000, and that number is expected to rise to 15 million by 2020. Researchers say most of that increase will mainly be due to steadily aging populations in both developed and developing countries and current trends in smoking and other unhealthy habits.

　　"Cancer has emerged as a major public health problem in developing countries for the first time, matching its effect in industrialized (工业化的) countries," said researcher Paul Kleihues, MD, director of IARC, in a news release. "Once considered a 'Western' disease, the Report highlights that more than 50 percent of the world's cancer burden, in terms of both numbers of cases and deaths, already occurs in developing countries."

　　The risk of being diagnosed with cancer in developed countries is double that in less-developed ones. However, the risk of dying from cancer is much higher in developing countries, where 80% of cancer patients already have late-stage incurable tumors (肿瘤) at the time of diagnosis.

　　Researchers say cancer rates have traditionally been higher in developed countries due to greater exposure to tobacco, occupational carcinogens (致癌物), and an unhealthy Western diet and lifestyle. As less-developed countries become industnalized and more prosperous, they tend to adopt the high-fat diet and low physical activity levels typically seen in the West, which increase cancer rates.

　　11 The report says that steps could be taken to reduce about

　　A 50% of new cancers.

　　B 33% of new cancers.

　　C 12% of new cancers.

　　D 80% of new cancers.

　　12 Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

　　A There were 10 million cancer patients worldwide in 2000.

　　B Generally, cancer accounted for 12% of all deaths in 2000.

　　C Cancer is the cause of over 25% of all deaths in many countries.

　　D It is expected that global cancer rates will go up by 50% by 2020.

　　13 According to Paul Kleihues, cancer was once regarded as

　　A an incurable disease.

　　B a mysterious disease.

　　C a "Western" disease.

　　D a world disease.

　　14 The risk of dying from cancer in developed countries is

　　A double that in developing countries.

　　B much higher than that in developing countries.

　　C the same as that in developing countries.

　　D much lower than that in developing countries.

　　15 All the following factors may increase cancer rates EXCEPT

　　A occupational carcinogens.

　　B lack of access to tobacco.

　　C unhealthy habits.

　　D aging populations.

　　【参考答案】11. B 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B