(第23—30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务 ：(1)第23——26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2——5段每段选择1个最佳标题 ;(2)第27——30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
(23)请根据短文的内容，回答题。
Washoe Learned American Sign Language
(1) An animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and
born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in
the American state of Washington. Washoe had become known in the scientific community
and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language. She was said to be the
first non-human to learn a human language. Her skills also led to debate about primates and
their ability to understand language.
(2) Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner began teaching Washoe sign language
in1966. In 1969, the Gardners described Washoe's progress in a scientific report. The
people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For
example, Wasboe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request
foods like apples and bananas. She also asked questions like, "Who is coming to play?"
Once the news about Washoe spread, many language scientists began studies of their own
into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research
changed.
(3) However, critics argued Washoe only learned to repeat sign language movements from
watching her teachers. They said she had never developed tree language skills. Even now
there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory,
and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoe's keepers disagree. Roger Fouts is a
former student of the Gardners.
He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg, Washington. There, Washoe taught sign
language to three younger chimpanzees, which are still alive.
(4) Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoe provided new
information about the mental workings of chimpanzees. Today, there are not as many
scientists studying language skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of
research takes a very long time.
(5) Debate continues about chimps' understanding of human communication. Yet, one thing
is sure--Washoe changed popular ideas about the possibilities of animal intelligence.
Paragraph 1__________
A: Reason why not many scientists carry out this research nowdays
B: Report about washoe's progress in learning sign language
C: General information about washoe
D: The Gardeners' contributions recognized
E: Debate on chimps' intelligence
F: Washoe's love for three young chimps
答案:C
解析:第一段主要介绍黑猩猩Washoe 的出生地、死亡年龄、被带到美国学习美式手语等的一般情况。用General Information about Washoe来概括是很准确的。
(24) Paragraph 2 __________
A: Reason why not many scientists carry out this research nowdays
B: Report about washoe's progress in learning sign language
C: General information about washoe
D: The Gardeners' contributions recognized
E: Debate on chimps' intelligence
F: Washoe's love for three young chimps
答案:B
解析: 第二段的关键句是 ：In l969，the Gardners described Washoe’s progress in a scientific report .随后的句子简略介绍了Washoe 的学习情况和结果，如已学会250个单词，并能用手语表达“该吃饭了”等概念。所以B是正确答案。
(25) Paragraph 3 __________
A: Reason why not many scientists carry out this research nowdays
B: Report about washoe's progress in learning sign language
C: General information about washoe
D: The Gardeners' contributions recognized
E: Debate on chimps' intelligence
F: Washoe's love for three young chimps
答案:E
解析:
第三段介绍了对Gardener夫妇发表的报告的两种不同的解读。一派认为Washoe的手语能力只是机械重复、死记硬背、物质激励的结果，不是智能的表现。另一派认为这是智能的表现，其证据是Washoe还能教三个小猩猩学习手语。争论的焦点是黑猩猩有没有智能。选项E用debate来概括上述争论，所以是答案。
(26) Paragraph 4 __________
A: Reason why not many scientists carry out this research nowdays
B: Report about washoe's progress in learning sign language
C: General information about washoe
D: The Gardeners' contributions recognized
E: Debate on chimps' intelligence
F: Washoe's love for three young chimps
答案:A
解析:
第四段解释了为什么现在从事这项研究的科学家人数不多。部分原因是研究周期太长。故A为正确选项。
(27) Washoe could make signs to communicate __________.
A: if the Gardeners'argument was sound
B: because she was cleverer than other chimps
C: when she wanted to eat
D: while she was at a research center in Ellensburg
E: because she could use sign language to ask for fruits
F: while Washoe was learning sign language
答案:C
解析: 选C 的依据是第二段第四句：Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat.故C为正确选项。
(28) Some scientists doubted
A: if the Gardeners'argument was sound
B: because she was cleverer than other chimps
C: when she wanted to eat
D: while she was at a research center in Ellensburg
E: because she could use sign language to ask for fruits
F: while Washoe was learning sign language
答案:A
解析:
第三段的上半段说了一些科学家对Gardener夫妇实验的解读持怀疑态度。题干中出现的doubted引导我们选A。
(29) Washoe taught three younger chimps sign language ___________.
A: if the Gardeners'argument was sound
B: because she was cleverer than other chimps
C: when she wanted to eat
D: while she was at a research center in Ellensburg
E: because she could use sign language to ask for fruits
F: while Washoe was learning sign language
答案:D
解析: 根据第三段的最后一句“He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg，Washington .There，Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees，which are still alive.”可知选D。
(30) The experimenters thought Washoe was intelligent __________.
A: if the Gardeners'argument was sound
B: because she was cleverer than other chimps
C: when she wanted to eat
D: while she was at a research center in Ellensburg
E: because she could use sign language to ask for fruits
F: while Washoe was learning sign language
答案:E
解析: 本文第二段谈到实验的成果时有这一个句子 ：“She could request foods like apples and bananas .”根据全段意思和上述句子，选择E是正确的。
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