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英语典型语法错误100例(5)
日期:2017-09-14

初中英语典型错误100例(5)

41. 好好学习,天天向上。

误:Learn hard and make progress every day.

正:study hard and make progress every day.

析:用于祈使句或与副词 hard 连用时,通常要用 study,而不用 learn。注:study 和 learn 其中的一点区别就是:前者多指学习的过程,后者多指学习的结果。

42. 春天是我最喜欢的季节。

误:Spring is my most favourite season.

正:Spring is my favourite season.

析:favourite 用作形容词时,表示“最喜欢的”,因本身已含有 “最”这样的意思,因此它通常不与 most 连用,以免语义重复。

43. 玻璃摸起来是光滑的。

误:Glass is felt smooth.

误:Glass is feeling smooth.

误:Glass feels to be smooth.

正:Glass feels smooth.

析:feel用作连系动词,表示“摸起来”,要注意以下用法:一是要以被摸之物作主语;二是句意虽有被动意味,但是不能用被动式;三是不用于进行时态;四是其后不接 to be。注:feel用作连系动词,表示“感觉”时,可以用于进行进态,如:How are you feeling now? 你现在感觉如何?

44. 这次考试很难,没几个学生及格。

误:The exam is very difficult, and a few students passed.

正:The exam is very difficult, and few students passed.

析:few 表示数量很少或几乎没有,强调“少”,含有否定意味;而 a few 表示数量虽不多,但毕竟还有,强调“有”,含有肯定意味。比较:The exam is very difficult, but a few students passed. 这次考试很难,但还是有几个学生及格。

45. 你会发现他这个人很难相处。

误:You will find difficult to get along with him.

正:You will find it difficult to get along with him.

析:误句主要是根据中文意思直译而错,其实 find 作为动词,其后不可能接形容词作宾语。find 在此的正确结构是“find+形式宾语(it)+宾语补足语+真正宾语”。

46. 他说完话后是一片沉默。

误:There was a deadly silence after she had finished to speak.

正:There was a deadly silence after she had finished speaking.

析:finish(完成)后接动词时,要用动名词,不能用不定式。

47. 有100多个消防队员参加救火。

误:The fire was saved by more than 100 firemen.

正:The fire was fought by more than 100 firemen.

析:汉语说“救火”,其实是指跟火作斗争,把火扑灭,而绝不是 “挽救”火。注意不要受字面意思影响而直译。

48. 这是我第一次输了比赛。

误:It’s the first time that he lost a game.

正:It’s the first time that he has lost a game.

析:It is [will be] the first time 后的 that从句通常用现在完成时。若主句为 It was the first time...,则后面的从句通常用过去完成时(有时也用一般过去时)。

49. 这件连衣裙不合我的身,你有大一点尺寸的吗?

误:This dress doesn’t suit me. Have you got a larger size?

正:This dress doesn’t fit me. Have you got a larger size?

析:fit 用作动词时,表示“适合”,通常是指大小尺寸等方面的“适合”,表示颜色、款式等方面的“适合”,英语通常是用 suit。比较:This dress doesn’t suit me. Have you got another style? 这件连衣裙不适合我穿,你还有其他的式样吗?

50. 别忘了代我向他们问好。

误:Don’t forget giving my regards to them.

正:Don’t forget to give my regards to them.

析:forget后接动词时,可用不定式或动名词,但是意思不同:接不定式表示忘记要做的事情(不定式所表示的动作未发生),接动名词则表示忘记已经做过或已经发生过的事情(动名词的表示的动作已发生)。比较:I forgot to pay him. 我忘记付给他钱了(钱未付)。I forgot paying him. 我忘记曾给他付过钱了(钱已付)。