| 1. | Still others have searched the world over for berries, flowers or leaves of high xanthophyll content .
还有其他人在世界各地寻找含有大量叶黄素的浆果、花或叶。
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| 2. | There are over 600 known carotenoids ; they are split into two classes , xanthophylls and carotenes
有超过600种已知的类胡萝卜素，可以分为两类：叶黄素和胡萝卜素。
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| 3. | Lutein ( xanthophyll ) from the marigold flower , is a potent antioxidant that assists in general well - being
由金盏花萃取的叶黄素，是一种具有效益的抗氧化物，能够帮助身体体的健康。
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| 4. | Deng et al . ( 2000 ) found an obvious increase in carotenoids content in detached boea leaves during dehydration , indicating a protective role of xanthophylls cycle in dehydrated boea leaves
邓馨等( 2000 )的研究结果发现牛耳草离体叶片在脱水过程中类胡萝卜素的含量显著增加，推测可能存在叶黄素循环的保护作用。
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| 5. | The physiological functions of some natural pigments were reviewed , some natural pigments such as carotenoid , xanthophylls , flavanones and anthocyanin were introduced on antioxidant activities , antibacterial activities and health protection
综述了中药色素的药理作用，对类胡萝卜素、黄酮类、花色苷类等色素的抗氧化活性、抗菌活性及保健功能作了简要介绍。
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| 6. | The ps ii native fractions ( 20 % and 30 % ) were loaded onto a deae column . the fraction eluted with 150 mm nacl was presented dcip reduction activity and was highly depleted in chi c and xanthophylls , and as such could be considered a ps ii core complex
对于有dcip光还原活性的20和30层带的复合物，进一步deae离子交换层析纯化。 150mmnacl洗脱纯化后的样品经过荧光激发光谱测定发现，已经去除了叶绿素c和墨角藻黄素，并且仍然具有dcip的光活性，分析是ps核心复合物。
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| 7. | It will provide us to further study the function of xanthophyll cycle in photoprotection . the major results are as following : two cdna sequences encoding violaxanthin de - epoxidase were cloned from japonica rice ( jrvde ) and indica rice ( irvde ) with the full - length of 1887bp and 1647bp , respectively . the homology of the open reading frame is 98 % identity between two rvde genes , and more than 60 % identities with those of other species
本论文从水稻和菠菜中克隆了编码vde酶的基因，并通过转基因植物进一步研究了叶黄素循环在热耗散方面的作用，主要获得了以下结果：首次从两个水稻亚种(籼稻和粳稻)中克隆了rvde基因(分别命名为irvde和jrvde )的全长cdna序列，分别长1647bp和1887bp ，两者开放阅读框的同源性为98 ，与其它已知vde基因的同源性在60以上。
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| 8. | The expression quantity increased with the induction time by iptg , and accounted for 25 percent of the total proteins after 4 - hour induction . absorption spectrum together with xanthophyll pigments quantification by hplc demonstrated that the expressed vde has its enzyme activity , which can de - epoxidate v into a and z in vitro
吸收光谱差值a _ ( 502 - 540 )随反应的进行逐渐增大，反应体系总色素的hplc分析表明， v逐渐降低，而z刚好相反，说明表达的蛋白具有与活体vde酶相同的功能，能在体外将v转变为a和z 。
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| 9. | These results demonstrate that the heat dissipation ability in the transgenic plants decreases , suggesting that xanthophyll cycle has the function in photoprotection . besides , a dna minipreparation method suitable for screening and identification large amounts of transgenic plants was established . using this rapid and efficient method , one person can prepare d
另外，还建立了一种适合于筛选转基因植株的dna微量提取法，此方法操作快捷方便，一个人在一天内能制备50多个样品， 100mg的植物鲜样平均可获得40卜g的dna ，提取的dna可直接用于pcr反应、酶切分析及southern分析。
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| 10. | Xanthophyli cycle has been widely concerned since the finding that it has the function in heat dissipation . with the trans - thylakoid ph gradient , zeaxanthin ( z ) together with antheraxanthin ( a ) can absorb excess energy from chlorophyll and release it as heat , thus protect the photosynthetic apparatus from photodamage by high light . violaxathin de - epoxidase ( vde ) is the key enzyme in xanthophylls cycle
目前普遍认为叶黄素循环的色素定位于天线色素蛋白复合体上，在跨膜质子梯度( ph )形成后，玉米黄质( z )和环氧玉米黄质( a )能够从叶绿素中吸收过多的激发能，并以热能的形式耗散到体外，从而保护光合器官免受强光的破坏。
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