Stage Fright

　　Fall down as you come onstage. That’s an odd trick. Not recommended. But it saved the pianist Vladimir Feltsman when he was a teenager back in Moscow. The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich tripped him purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic,2 Mr. Feltsman said, “ All my fright was gone. I already fell. What else could happen?”
　　Today, music schools are addressing the problem of anxiety in classes that deal with performance techniques and career preparation. There are a variety of strategies that musicians can learn to fight stage fright and its symptoms: icy fingers, shaky limbs, racing heart, blank mind.3
　　Teachers and psychologists offer wide-ranging advice, from basics like learning pieces inside out,4 to mental discipline, such as visualizing a performance and taking steps to relax. Don’t deny that you’re jittery，they urge; some excitement is natural, even necessary for dynamic playing. And play in public often, simply for the experience.
　　Psychotherapist Diane Nichols suggests some strategies for the moments before performance, “Take two deep abdominal breaths, open up your shoulders, then smile,’’ she says. “And not one of these ‘please don’t kill me’ smiles. Then choose three friendly faces in the audience, people you would communicate with and make music to, and make eye contact with them.” She doesn’t want performers to think of the audience as a judge.
　　Extreme demands by mentors or parents are often at the root of stage fright，says Dorothy Delay, a well-known violin teacher. She tells other teachers to demand only what their students are able to achieve.
　　When Lynn Harrell was 20，he became the principal cellist of the Cleverland Orchestra, and he suffered extreme stage fright. “There were times when I got so nervous I was sure the audience could see my chest responding to the throbbing. It was just total panic. I came to a point where I thought,‘ If I have to go through this to play music, I think I’m going to look for another job.”5 Recovery, he said, involved developing humility-recognizing that whatever his talent, he was fallible，and that an imperfect concert was not a disaster.6
　　It is not only young artists who suffer, of course. The legendary pianist Vladimir Horowitz’s nerves were famous. The great tenor Franco Corelli is another example. “They had to push him on stage,” Soprano Renata Scotto recalled.
　　Actually，success can make things worse. “In the beginning of your career, when you’re scared to death, nobody knows who you are, and they don’t have any expectations,” Soprano June Anderson said. “There’s less to lose. Later on, when you’re known, people are coming to see you, and they have certain expectations. You have a lot to lose.”
　　Anderson added，“I never stop being nervous until I’ve sung my last note.”
　　词汇：
　　veteran 经验丰富的 jittery 紧张不安的
　　mentor 指导者 soprano 女高音;女高音歌手
　　cellist 大提琴演奏家 abdominal 腹部的
　　fallible 易犯错误的 tenor 男高音
　　注释：
　　1.Stage Fright：舞台恐惧
　　2.The veteran cellist Mstislav Rostropovich tripped him purposely to cure him of pre-performance panic…资深大提琴家Mstislav Rostropovich故意把Vladimir Feltsman绊倒，因而治愈了他的上台前的恐惧症。cure somebody of something (illness, problem)：医治好病(解决问题)
　　3.… its symptoms：icy fingers, shaky limbs, racing heart, blank mind：舞台恐惧的症状有手冰凉、身体颤抖、心跳加快和大脑一片空白。
　　4.Teachers and psychologists offer wide-ranging advice, from basics like learning pieces inside out ：老师和心理学家提出了方方面面的建议，一些基础知识，比如将演奏曲目烂熟于心…… inside out： in great detail详细地，从里到外地
　　5.I came to a point where I thought，“If I have to go through this to play music, I think I’m going to look for another job. ”我曾经一度认为，如果搞音乐就必须经过克服舞台恐惧这一关的话，这项工作不能做。
　　6.Recovery, he said, involved developing humility-recognizing that whatever his talent, he was fallible, and that an imperfect concert was not a disaster.不舞台恐惧意味着提高谦卑感，即认识到不管你多有才，你也会出错，一个有瑕疵的音乐会也绝对不是世界末日。
　　练习：
　　1.Falling down onstage was not a good way for Vladimir Feltsman to deal with his stage fright.
　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned
　　2.There are many signs of stage fright.
　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned
　　3.Teachers and psychologists cannot help people with extreme -stage fright.
　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned
　　4.To perform well on stage, you need to have some feelings of excitement.
　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned
　　5.If you have stage fright, it's helpful to have friendly audience.
　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned
　　6.Often people have stage fright because parents or teachers expect too much of them.
　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned
　　7.Famous musicians never suffer from stage fright.
　　A　Right B　Wrong C　Not mentioned
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