development in newspaper organization

　　one of the most important developments in newspaper organization during the first part of the twentieth century ______(1)_______, which are known as wire services. wire-service companies employed reporters, who covered stories all over the world. their news reports were sent to papers throughout the country by telegraph. the papers paid an annual fee for this service. wire services continue _______(2)________. today the major wire services are the associated press (ap) and united press international (upi). you will frequently find ap or upi at the beginning of a news story.

　　newspaper chains and mergers began to appear in the early 1900s. a chain consists of two or more newspapers _______(3)______. a merger involves combining two or more papers into one. during the nineteenth century many cities had more than one competitive independent paper. today in most cities there are only one or two newspapers, and _______(4)______. often newspapers in several cities belong to one chain. papers have combined ________(5)_______. chains and mergers have cut down production costs and brought the advantages of big-business methods to the newspaper industry.

　　a. to play an important role in newspaper operations

　　b. was the growth of telegraph services

　　c. and they usually enjoy great prestige

　　d. they are usually operated by a single owner

　　e. in order to survive under the pressure of rising costs

　　f. owned by a single person or organization

　　key: BAFDE

　　Living Alone Is Joyful

　　More and more Americans are living alone. Some live alone because of divorce or the death of a partner. 46 According to a recent U. S. census (人口普查)，25 percent of all households in the U. S. are made up of just one person. This is a dramatic change from the extended families of just a couple of generations ago.

　　The typical person living alone is neither old nor lonely. 47 The majority of these people have chosen to live alone. They are responding to decreasing social pressure to get married and have a family.

　　It’s now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. 48 However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often.

　　The number one reason given by most people for living alone is that they simply enjoy doing what they want when they want to do it. “Living alone is a luxury, ”says Nina Hagiwara, 338. “Once you do it, you can’t ever go back to living with others. ”David C-Debaca, 46, agrees. 49

　　Children think that being grown up means being able to do exactly as they please. 50 The chance to discover whether that freedom is as wonderful as it sounds is a chance more and more Americans are taking.

　　A There’s more pressure to get married nowadays.

　　B The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of people living alone.

　　C However, even more people are living alone because they have chosen to.

　　D It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream.

　　E In fact, a quarter of the 23 million single people in the U. S. are under the age of 35.

　　F He says, “I like being by myself.

　　(46) ____(1.1)____ (47) ____(1.2)____ (48) ____(1.3)____ (49) ____(1.4)____ (50) ____(1.5)____

　　1. 1

　　正确的答案是: C

　　1. 2

　　正确的答案是: E

　　1. 3

　　正确的答案是: B

　　1. 4

　　正确的答案是: F

　　1. 5

　　正确的答案是: D