2014年职称英语考试《理工类B级》冲刺试卷(二)
日期:2014-03-25
第4部分：阅读理解(第31-45题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。
31、回答31-45题：
IOC's Official Problems
The International Olympic Committee (IOC) has launched an investigation into allegations that its officials in more than 50 countries have been selling London Olympics tickets on the black market for profit．The IOC met at an emergency session on Saturday to look into a pile of evidence uncovered by Britain's Sunday Times newspaper．The paper claims that high-ranking Olympic officials have been selling tickets for the games at hugely inflated prices．The highest priced tickets on the black market were for the men's 100-meter final．The IOC has issued a statement saying it "takes these allegations very seriously and has immediately taken the first steps to investigate．"
IOC rules forbid national Olympics committees from selling tickets, overseas, increasing ticket prices or selling tickets to unauthorized, third-party resellers．Despite this, Sunday Times undercover reporters posing as illegal ticket sellers say they have recorded evidence of 27 officials selling tickets distributed to 54 countries．One of the most serious allegations was against the Greek Olympic Committee president Spyros Capralos．He denies saying he had "pulled strings" with the head of the London Olympics Sebastian Coe even though the paper posted videos of its reporters' negotiations with Capralos on its Website．Mr Capralos has so far refused to comment.
The IOC is investigating its own officials for__________.
A．running the black market
B．secretly meeting reporters
C．illegally selling tickets
D．criticizing Sunday Times
32、The word "allegations" (Para．1 ) probably means__________.
A．discussions
B．claims
C．announcements
D．opinions
33、Sunday Times reveaJed__________.
A．details about IOC's emergency session
B．evidence against some IOC officials,
C．ticket prices for men's 100-meter final
D．pricing policy of the London Olympics
34、Which of the following is NOT against the IOC rules concerning its officials?__________.
A．Selling tickets internationally.
B．Raising the prices of the tickets.
C．Selling tickets to unofficial resellers.
D．Giving tickets to their friends.
35、Faced with the evidence against him, Capralos __________.
A．blamed other officials
B．admitted the facts
C．issued a statement
D．gave no response
36、回答36-50题：
Ocean Noise Pollution
Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings.
The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities．It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines．Such noises are added to natural sounds．These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.
Decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land．
A noise of one hundred-twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears．In water, a decibel level of one-hundred ninety-five would have the same effect.
Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels in．oceans．They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales (鲸鱼).
team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals．The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing．This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way．Some of the whales even died．The explosions had caused their ears to bleed (出血) and become infected (感染).
Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels．They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed．They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.
According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?
A．The sound of a car.
B．The sound of voices.
C．Man-made noise pollution.
D．The sound of steps.
37、According to the passage, natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPT__________.
A．sounds made by animals themselves.
B．ocean drilling.
C．underwater earthquakes.
D．the breaking of ice fields.,
38、Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?
A．The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean.
B．Different places may have different types of noises.
C．The decibel is not a suitable unit for measuring underwater noise.
D．Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.
39、Which of the following is true of whales?
A．They won't be confused by noises.
B．They are deaf to noises.
C．Their ability to reproduce will be lowered by high-level noises.
D．Their hearing will be damaged by high-level noises.
40、According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?
A．They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.
B．They will protect animals from harmful noises.
C．They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.
D．They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.
41、回答41-55题：
Explorer of the Extreme Deep
Oceans cover more than two-thirds of our planet．Yet, just a small fraction of the underwater world has been unexplored．Now, Scientists at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) in Massachusetts are building an underwater vehicle that will carry explorers as deep as 6, 500 meters (21, 320 feet)．The new machine, known as a manned submersible (能潜水的) or human-operated vehicle (HOV), will replace another one named Alvin which bas an amazing record of discovery, playing a key role in various important and famous undersea expeditions．Alvin has been operating for 40 years but can go down only 4, 500 meters (14, 784 feet)．It’s about time for an upgrade, WHOI researchers say.
Alvin was launched (发动) in 1964．Since then, Alvin has worked between 200 and 250 days a year, says Daniel Fornari, a marine geologist (地质学者) and director of the Deep Ocean Exploration Institute at WHOI．During its lifetime，Alvin has carried some 12, 000 people on a total of more than 3, 000 dives．A newer, better versions of Alvin is bound to reveal even more surprises about a world that is still full of mysteries, Fornari says．It might also make the job of exploration a little easier．“We take so much for granted on land,” Fornari says．“We can walk around and see with our eyes how big things are．We can see colors，special arrangements.”
Size-wise, the new HOV will be similar to Alvin．It’ll be about 37 feet long．The setting area inside will be a small sphere，about 8 feet wide，like Alvin，it’ll carry a pilot and two passengers．It will be just as maneuverable (机动的)．In most other ways, it will give passengers more opportunities to enjoy the view, for one thing．Alvin has only three windows, the new vehicle will have five, with more overlap so that the passengers and the pilot can see the same thing.
Alvin can go up and down at a rate of 30 meters every second, and its maximum speed is 2 knots (about 2.3 miles per hour), while the new vehicle will be able to ascend and descend at 44 meters per second．It’ll reach speeds of 3 knots, or 3.5 miles per hour.
What is Alvin?
A．A research institute.
B．A transporting vehicle.
C．A submersible.
D．A scientist.
42、Which of the following statements is NOT a fact about Alvin?
A．It can carry explorers as deep as 6, 500 meters.
B．It has played a key role in various important undersea expeditions.
C．It was launched in the sixties of the twentieth century.
D．It has been used for more than 40 years.
43、“..．a world that is still full of mysteries” refers to
A．the earth.
B．out space.
C．the ocean.
D．Mars.
44、In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin similar?
A．Size.
B．Speed.
C．Capacity.
D．Shape.
45、In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin different?
A．Offering better views.
B．Speed.
C．Size.
D．Both A and
B
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31、回答31-45题：
IOC's Official Problems
The International Olympic Committee (IOC) has launched an investigation into allegations that its officials in more than 50 countries have been selling London Olympics tickets on the black market for profit．The IOC met at an emergency session on Saturday to look into a pile of evidence uncovered by Britain's Sunday Times newspaper．The paper claims that high-ranking Olympic officials have been selling tickets for the games at hugely inflated prices．The highest priced tickets on the black market were for the men's 100-meter final．The IOC has issued a statement saying it "takes these allegations very seriously and has immediately taken the first steps to investigate．"
IOC rules forbid national Olympics committees from selling tickets, overseas, increasing ticket prices or selling tickets to unauthorized, third-party resellers．Despite this, Sunday Times undercover reporters posing as illegal ticket sellers say they have recorded evidence of 27 officials selling tickets distributed to 54 countries．One of the most serious allegations was against the Greek Olympic Committee president Spyros Capralos．He denies saying he had "pulled strings" with the head of the London Olympics Sebastian Coe even though the paper posted videos of its reporters' negotiations with Capralos on its Website．Mr Capralos has so far refused to comment.
The IOC is investigating its own officials for__________.
A．running the black market
B．secretly meeting reporters
C．illegally selling tickets
D．criticizing Sunday Times
32、The word "allegations" (Para．1 ) probably means__________.
A．discussions
B．claims
C．announcements
D．opinions
33、Sunday Times reveaJed__________.
A．details about IOC's emergency session
B．evidence against some IOC officials,
C．ticket prices for men's 100-meter final
D．pricing policy of the London Olympics
34、Which of the following is NOT against the IOC rules concerning its officials?__________.
A．Selling tickets internationally.
B．Raising the prices of the tickets.
C．Selling tickets to unofficial resellers.
D．Giving tickets to their friends.
35、Faced with the evidence against him, Capralos __________.
A．blamed other officials
B．admitted the facts
C．issued a statement
D．gave no response
36、回答36-50题：
Ocean Noise Pollution
Some scientists say that animals in the ocean are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings.
The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities．It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines．Such noises are added to natural sounds．These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.
Decibels (分贝) measured in water are different from those measured on land．
A noise of one hundred-twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears．In water, a decibel level of one-hundred ninety-five would have the same effect.
Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels in．oceans．They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales (鲸鱼).
team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals．The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing．This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way．Some of the whales even died．The explosions had caused their ears to bleed (出血) and become infected (感染).
Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels．They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed．They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.
According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?
A．The sound of a car.
B．The sound of voices.
C．Man-made noise pollution.
D．The sound of steps.
37、According to the passage, natural sounds include all of the following EXCEPT__________.
A．sounds made by animals themselves.
B．ocean drilling.
C．underwater earthquakes.
D．the breaking of ice fields.,
38、Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph?
A．The same noise level produces a different effect on land and in the ocean.
B．Different places may have different types of noises.
C．The decibel is not a suitable unit for measuring underwater noise.
D．Different ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.
39、Which of the following is true of whales?
A．They won't be confused by noises.
B．They are deaf to noises.
C．Their ability to reproduce will be lowered by high-level noises.
D．Their hearing will be damaged by high-level noises.
40、According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future?
A．They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution.
B．They will protect animals from harmful noises.
C．They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels.
D．They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.
41、回答41-55题：
Explorer of the Extreme Deep
Oceans cover more than two-thirds of our planet．Yet, just a small fraction of the underwater world has been unexplored．Now, Scientists at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) in Massachusetts are building an underwater vehicle that will carry explorers as deep as 6, 500 meters (21, 320 feet)．The new machine, known as a manned submersible (能潜水的) or human-operated vehicle (HOV), will replace another one named Alvin which bas an amazing record of discovery, playing a key role in various important and famous undersea expeditions．Alvin has been operating for 40 years but can go down only 4, 500 meters (14, 784 feet)．It’s about time for an upgrade, WHOI researchers say.
Alvin was launched (发动) in 1964．Since then, Alvin has worked between 200 and 250 days a year, says Daniel Fornari, a marine geologist (地质学者) and director of the Deep Ocean Exploration Institute at WHOI．During its lifetime，Alvin has carried some 12, 000 people on a total of more than 3, 000 dives．A newer, better versions of Alvin is bound to reveal even more surprises about a world that is still full of mysteries, Fornari says．It might also make the job of exploration a little easier．“We take so much for granted on land,” Fornari says．“We can walk around and see with our eyes how big things are．We can see colors，special arrangements.”
Size-wise, the new HOV will be similar to Alvin．It’ll be about 37 feet long．The setting area inside will be a small sphere，about 8 feet wide，like Alvin，it’ll carry a pilot and two passengers．It will be just as maneuverable (机动的)．In most other ways, it will give passengers more opportunities to enjoy the view, for one thing．Alvin has only three windows, the new vehicle will have five, with more overlap so that the passengers and the pilot can see the same thing.
Alvin can go up and down at a rate of 30 meters every second, and its maximum speed is 2 knots (about 2.3 miles per hour), while the new vehicle will be able to ascend and descend at 44 meters per second．It’ll reach speeds of 3 knots, or 3.5 miles per hour.
What is Alvin?
A．A research institute.
B．A transporting vehicle.
C．A submersible.
D．A scientist.
42、Which of the following statements is NOT a fact about Alvin?
A．It can carry explorers as deep as 6, 500 meters.
B．It has played a key role in various important undersea expeditions.
C．It was launched in the sixties of the twentieth century.
D．It has been used for more than 40 years.
43、“..．a world that is still full of mysteries” refers to
A．the earth.
B．out space.
C．the ocean.
D．Mars.
44、In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin similar?
A．Size.
B．Speed.
C．Capacity.
D．Shape.
45、In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin different?
A．Offering better views.
B．Speed.
C．Size.
D．Both A and
B
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