初二年级（上）【知识梳理】 I. 重点短语1. on time 2. best wishes 3. give a talk 4. for example 5. short for6. a waste3 of time7. go on a field5 trip8. go fishing9. I agree610. next week11. the day after tomorrow12. have a picnic13. have some problems7 doing sth.14. go the wrong way15. hurry up16. get together17. in the open air18. on Mid-Autumn Day19. come over20. have to 21. get home 22. agree with 23. in the country24. in town 25. all the same26. in front of27. on the left/right side28. next to 29. up and down30. keep healthy31. grow up32. at the same time33. the day before yesterday35. last Saturday36. half an hour ago37. a moment ago38. just now39. by the way40. all the time41. at firstII. 重要句型1. have fun doing sth. 2. Why don’t you…?3. We’re going9 to do sth.4. start with sth.5. Why not…? 6. Are you going to…?7. be friendly10 to sb.8. You’d better do sth.9. ask sb. for sth.10. say goodbye to sb.11. Good luck(with sb)!III. 交际用语1.Welcome backto school!2.Excuse me. I’m sorry I’m late, because the traffic11 is bad. 3.It doesn’t matter.4.Happy Teachers’ Day !5.That’s a good idea.6.What are you going to do？7.Where are we going ?8.What are we going to do ? 9.I’m good at…10.It’s not far from…11. Are you free12 tomorrow evening?12.Would13 you and Lily14 like to come over to my home for Mid-Autumn Festival?13.I’m glad you can come.14.Thanks for asking us.15.How about another one?16.May I have a taste?17.Let me walk with you.18.What do you have to do?19.Do you live on a farm?20.Which do you like better, the city or the country? 21.Which do you like best, dogs, cats or chickens?22.Shall15 we go at ten? Good idea!23.---Let’s make it half past one. ---OK.24.---Why not come a little earlier? ---All right.25.Excuse me. Where’s the nearest post office, please?26.It’s over there on the right.27.I’m sorry I don’t know.28.You’d better…29.Thank you all the same.30.Which bus do I take?31.Go along17 this road.32.What day was2 it yesterday?33.I’m sorry to hear that.34.I hope18 you’re better now.35.Why did19 you call me?36.I called to tell…IV. 重要语法1.be going to的用法；2.形容词的比较级、最高级；3.形容词和副词的比较4.一般过去时【名师讲解】1. on the street / in the street表示“在街上”时，on the street 和 in the street 都可以，在美国多用on the street, 在英国多用in the street. 例如：We have a house in the street. 我们在街上有座房子。I met him on the street. 我在街上遇见了他。2. would like / like would like 和 like含义不同。like 意思是“喜欢”，“爱好”，而 would like 意思是“想要”。试比较： I like beer.=I’m fond20 of beer. 我喜欢喝啤酒。 I’d like a glass of beer= I want a glass of beer. 我想要一杯啤酒。 Do you like going to the cinema? 你喜欢看电影吗？ Would you like to go to the cinema tonight? 你今晚想去看电影吗？3. another / the other(1)another 通常用于三个或三个以上或不确定数量中的任意一个人或 物体。 例如：May I have another apple, please? 请在给我一个苹果好吗？This coat is too small for me. Please show me another这件外套我穿太小，请再给我拿一件看看。 (2)the other 通常指两者中的另一个。例如：He has two rulers. One is short. The other is long. 他有两把尺子，一把短的，另一把长的。I have two brothers. One works21 in Xi’an . The other works in Beijing. 我有两个兄弟，一个在西安工作，另一个在北京工作。4. have to /must (1)have to和 must 都可以用来谈论义务，但用法略有不同。如果某人主观上觉得必须去做而又想去时，常用must。如果谈论某种来自“外界”的义务，常用have to。例如：I must stop smoking22. 我必须戒烟。（自己想戒烟）They have to work for the boss23.他们不得不为那个老板工作。（条件逼得他们去工作） (2)have to 可用于多种时态，must 只能用于一般现在时。例如：I’ll have to get up early tomorrow morning.明天早晨我必须早早起床。We had24 to work long hours every day in order25 to get more money.为了多挣钱，我们不得不每天长时间地工作。 (3)用于否定句时，mustn’t意思是“决不能”，“禁止”，而don’t have to意思是“不必”，相当于needn’t。例如： You mustn’t be late again next time.下一次你决不能再迟到。 You don’t have to go there today. You can go there tomorrow. 你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。5. hear sb. or sth.doing sth. / herar sb. or sth. do sth.hear sb. or sth.doing sth.意思是“听到某人或某物在做某事”，而hear sb. or sth. do sth.意思是“听到某人或某物做过某事”。试比较：I hear him singing an English song.听见他在唱英歌曲。I heard him sing an English song.我听见他唱一首英文歌。类似hear 这种用法的还有see, watch, listen, feel等感官动词。6. any /someany和some 都可以同不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式连用，但some一般用在肯定句中；any用在疑问句和否定句中。试比较：I want some money. 我想要点钱。Have you any money? 你有钱吗？I don’t have any money. 我一点钱也没有。some 有时也用于疑问句，表示说话人期待一个肯定回答或鼓励人家说“是”。例如：Would you like some more beer?请你再来点啤酒好吗？Could26 I have some rice, please?请给我来点米饭好吗？7. hear /listen tolisten to 和hear 都有“听”的意思，但含义有所不同。Listen to强调“听”的动作，hear 强调“听”的结果。例如： Listen to me ,please! I’m going to tell you a story. 请听我说！我给你们讲个故事。 Listen! Can you hear someone27 crying in the next room? 听！你能听见有人在隔壁房间里哭吗？ I listened, but heard nothing.我听了听，但什么也听不见。hear 后面如果接宾语从句，常常表示“听说”。例如： I hear some foreign28 students will visit our school.我听说一些外国学生将要访问我们学校。 I hear there is going to be a film in our school this evening.我听说今晚我们学校要演一场电影。 8. Let’s… /Let us…Let’s… 和Let us… 都表示“让我们……”, 如果us 包括听话人在内，其含义相同，附带问句用shall we. 如果us 不包括听话人在内，其含义不同，Let us…的附带问句要用will you。例如： Let’s go shopping, shall we? 我们去购物好吗？9. take/ bring/ carry /get这四个动词都有“拿”和“带”的意思，但含义有所不同。take意为“带走”，“拿走”，bring意为“带来”，“拿来”, get表示“到别的地方把某人或某物带来或拿来”，carry不强调方向，带有负重的意思。试比较：My parents often take me there on holidays.我父母常常带我到那里去度假。I’m going to take you to Beijing.我准备带你去北京。Bring me a cup of tea, please.请给我端杯茶来。I’ll bring the book to you tomorrow.明天我把那本书给你带来。The waiter carried the me to the table服务员把肉送到桌上。The monkey carried the bag on her back.猴子把那个包背在背上。She went back to get her handbag29.他折回去拿他的手提包。Let me get the doctor.让我去请医生吧。 10. far away /faraway (1)far away是一个副词短语，意思是“很远”。例如：Some are far away. Some are nearer.有些离得很远，有些离得近一些的。The village is far away from here.那个村子离这儿很远。 (2)faraway是一个形容词，意思是“遥远的”，可以在句中作定语。例如：He lives in faraway mountain village.他住在一个遥远的小山村。11. find / look forfind和look for 都有“找”的意思，但含义不同。find 强调“找”的结果，而look for 强调“找”的过程。请看下列例句：He is looking for his bike.他在找他的自行车。I’m looking for my watch, but can’t find it.我在找我的手表，但是找不到。I hope you will soon find your lost ring.希望你尽快找到丢失的戒指。另外，find还有“发现”；“感到”等意思。例如：I found30 a wallet31 in the desk.我在课桌里发现了一个钱包。I find this book very interesting.我觉得这本书很有意思。12. in front of /in the front ofIn front of 表示在某物的前面，不在某物的范围内。In the front of 表示在某物的前部，在某物的范围内。试比较：My seat32 is in front of Mary’s.我的座位在玛丽座位的前面。He is sitting in the front of the car with the driver.他和司机坐在小车的前部。【考点扫描】1. be going to的用法；2. 形容词的比较级、最高级；3. 形容词和副词的比较4. 一般过去时5. 本单元学过的
词汇、短语和句型；6. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。【中考范例】1. (2004年烟台市中考试题) In the exam1, the ________ you are, the ________ mistakes34 you’ll make. A. carefully35, little B. more carefully, fewest C. more careful, fewer D. more careful, less【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是形容词和副词的比较以及他们的比较等级的用法。第一个空应填形容词careful的比较级，因为它在句中作表语，第二个空应填few的比较级，因为它修饰的是复数可数名词。2. (2004年河北省中考试题) Bob never does his homework _________ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful B. as4 carefully as C. carefully D. as careful as【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是形容词和副词的用法比较。该空应填副词，因为它修饰的是动词does。该题用的是not as+副词+as的结构，所以答案应是B。3. (2004年重庆市中考试题) That day I saw37 some parents _________ at the back of the classroom, ________ to the teacher. A. sitting, listened B. sat8, listened C. sitting, listening D. sat, listening【解析】答案：C。该题考查的是see sb. doing sth.的句型结构和分词作状语的用法。第一个空stting在句中作saw的宾语补足语，第二个空listening做伴随状语。4. (2004年杭州市中考试题) You ________ open the door before the train gets into the station. A. don’t have to B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是几个情态动词否定式的用法区别。don’t have to和needn’t的意思都是“不必”，may not的意思是“可以不”，只有mustn’t表示“不许”，“禁止”。【满分演练】一. 单项填空1. Welcome back ________school.A. in B. at C. to D. on2. Miss Gao is our new Chinese teacher ________.A. in this term B. this termC. on this term D. that term3. ---I’m sorry I’m late.---_____________.A. OK B. It doesn’t matterC. All right D. Thank you4. Li Mu and Jill are talking _________where they are going. A. about B. to C. with D. for5. There is very ______food in the house.A. a few36 B. little C. a little D. few6. You’d better take a raincoat ____you.A. to B. with C. on D. for7. The children are going to the Great Wall ______a field trip.A. to B. with C. on D. for8. I’m______hungry. May I have a mooncake38?A. a little B. little C. a few D. few9. I’m still hungry. I’d like _________one.A. other B. another C. an other D. the other10.The moon looks ____than the sun, but in fact39 the sun is ______than the moon.A. big; big B. bigger; bigger C. small; small D. smaller; smaller11. I can see them_____football on the playground.A. play B. playing C. to play D. are playing12. Ji Wei runs_________than I.A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest13. I think steamed40 bread is ____________ hamburger.A. more delicious41 than B. most delicious than C. more delicious to D. most delicious to14. ---What are you going to do this afternoon?----__________. I’m free.A. To do my homework B. To clean my houseC. To do some shopping D. Nothing much15. ---May I speak to Jack42?---____________. Who’s that?A. I’m Jack B. That is JackC.This is Jack speaking D. I’m Jack speaking16. ----Why not _________ and see the play?---Good idea.A.go B. going C. to go D. goes17. It’s cold outside. Please keep the door_________.A. close B. closing C. closes D. closed18. My home is about two hundred metres_____our school.A. from B. far from C. away D. to19. There are some apple trees ________her house.A. in the front of B. at the back of C. in the middle of D. at the front of20. Which floor do you ________?A. live B. live on C. live at D. live in二. 完形填空 The Xingqing Palace43 Park（兴庆宫公园）is __1___ park in Xi’an.__2__ Saturdays or Sundays, children like ___3___ there __4___ their parents. There they can play games. There is a lake and a hill in the park. Today is Sunday. Many children are playing in the park. Look! Some children __5___ on the lake. They are good __6___ it. Is the boat ___7___ a chicken? No. It looks like a duck. Some boys are playing __8___ football on the grass(草地)。A few boys __9___the hill over there. All the children are having a good time. They think playing in the park is___10___ than having classes at school.1.A. bigger B. the biggest C. smaller D. the smaller2.A. In B. On C. At D. With3.A. walking B. going C. running D.flying4.A. with B. for C. on D. in5.A. is swimming B. is boating C. are running D. are boating6.A. In B. with C. from D. at7.A. look B. likes C. looks D. like8.A. a B. / C. an D. the 9.A. are running B. are walking C. are climbing D. are jumping10.A. little better B. much better C. many better D. the best 三.
阅读理解 (A) Mark44 Twain is traveling46 to Dijon by train. He wants to sleep very much, so he asks the conductor47(服务员)to wake48 him up when the train gets to Dijon. The he goes to sleep. Later49, when wakes50 up, it is early the next morning and the train has got51 to Paris. He knows at once that the conductor doesn’t wake him up at Dijon. He is very angry. He runs up to the conductor and says, “Why didn’t you wake me up and put me off16 the train at Dijon? I am very angry about it!” The conductor smiles and looks at him, “Another American is more angry than you. But you can’t see him now. I put him off the train at Dijon last night.”根据短文内容，判断下列各句的正误：正确的答“A”，错误的答“B”。1． Mark twain asks the conductor to wake him up in Paris.2． The train got to Dijon at night.3． Mark Twain was very angry with the conductor.4． The conductor made52 a mistake33（错误）. He put another American off the train at Dijon.5． Mark Twain can’t see that American because the American doesn’t like him. (B)The worst53 tourist54 in the world is Nicholas Scotti of San Francisco . Once he flew55 from the US to his home town in Italy56 to see someone at home. The plane made a one-hour stop to get oil57 at Kennedy Airport of New York. As he thought58 he had arrived home, Mr Scotti got off the plane. He thought he was in Rome59 .When nobody60 was there to meet him, Mr Scotti thought maybe they were held up by heavy traffic. While61 looking for their addresses, Mr Scotti found that the old "Rome" had changed a lot. Many old buildings were replaced62 by high modern63 ones.He also found that many people spoke64 English instead65 of Italian66 and that many street signs were written in English.Mr Scotti knew very little English, so he asked a policeman(in Italian) the way to the bus station. He happened to meet a policeman who was also born68 in Italy and answered him in the same language69.After twelve hours' traveling round on a bus, the driver handed him over to a second policeman. He asked the policeman why the Rome police67 employed70 so many people as policemen speaking English of Italian.To get him on a plane back to San Francisco, He was sent to the airport in a police car with sirens(警报) on. "Look," said71 Scotti to his interpreter72 , "I know I'm in Italy. That's how they drive."1. When Mr Scotti arrived at the airport, nobody met him because ____________.A. he was in New York B. he was in RomeC. policemen could help him D. he was in an Italian city2. In what direction73 (方向) did the plane fly when Mr Scotti went to Italy from the US?A. To the east. B. To the south.C. To the west D. To the north.3. Why was Mr Scotti so sure that he was in Rome?A. Because he traveled74 a lot.B. Because he knew little about the US.C. Because he knew little about Italy.D. Because he didn't travel45 much.4. At last Mr Scotti _________.A. knew he did something wrong B. still thought he was C. knew he was wrong D. knew he was home5. Do you think many people do the same thing as Mr Scotti did?A. Nobody but Mr Scotti made this kind of mistake.B. Many people make this kind of mistake.C. Few people make this kind of mistake.D. 50% of people will make the same mistake. (C)My wife75 and I stayed in London for a few weeks last year. We went there in the autumn. We think it is the best season to visit England. The weather is usually quite good and there are not too many visitors76 in October.We stayed in a small restaurant in the West End. We did most of our sightseeing77 on foot. We went to look at all the places. We went shopping and spent too much money. We liked going to the theatre78 . We don't have the chance79 to see such80 good plays (戏剧) at home. A lot of people say English food is very bad. We didn't think so. Most of the restaurants are French81 or Chinese, but we had some very good meals82.We enjoyed our holiday very much. We want to go there again this year. We are going to take our umbrellas . I'm sure we'll need them sometimes.1. “We went shopping and spent too much money” means83 _________.A. they didn't enjoy shopping and spent too much moneyB. prices84 were high in EnglandC. there were so many good things in the shops and they bought a lotD. they liked to go shopping with lots of money2. They didn't have the chance to see such good plays_________.A. in their small restaurant B. in their home townC. in France D. in England3. You can get _______ in a restaurant.A. meals B. clothes C. books D. cakes4. I'm sure we'll need umbrellas sometimes because__________.A. umbrellas can be very good presents for their friends in LondonB. it often rains in LondonC. the English people like to bring umbrellas with themD. the English people protect85 (保护) themselves86 with umbrella5. The two visitors came87 from________.A. England B. FranceC. America D. a country we don't know 四. 根据所给汉语完成下列
英语句子1. Yesterday afternoon Miss Li came here _________ (向你道歉).2. I did everything ___________ (他要求我做的).3. We saw the old scientist88 ____________ (在花园里散步) just now.4. My grandpa has ___________ (好记忆). He can remember many things.5. Do you know who _______ (发明了机器人)？6. I find ____________ (记住这些
单词很难).7. I enjoy ____________ (吃大肉).8. Don’t stand ___________ (一直). Please give me a hand.9. Wang Zheng __________ (出身在)a worker’s family.10. ________________ (祝你们好运), all the boys. 初二年级（上）【练习答案】一. 1.B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C二. I. 1. D 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. D 9. D 10. C三. 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. C 10. C 四. (A) 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B (B) 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.A (C) 1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.A 五. 1. will stop later on 2. because, too cold 3. in, northwest 4.What delicious5.stay above zero89六. 1. How hot 2. It, in 3. at times 4. will snow heavily90 5.How about
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