Disagree:

　　1. The whales that swim in circle not only swim in one direction, but also swim in the other direction, indicating that there are no unbalanced muscular forces.

　　2.If nutrition is one of the causes，it will affect other organs besides fins of whales. Moreover,whales feed on different kinds of food, so nutrition can not be the decisive reason.

　　3.Whales are active in both shallow and deep regions of seas where water pressures are greatly different in two regions. For example, there is one particular whale in the near shallow sea of New Zealand. The whale has the type of fin which is supposed to be deep-sea whales’ fin. If water pressure is a decisive factor，one may ask why this type of whales still lives in the shallow sea near New Zealand.

　　The reading passage asserts that there are two types of whale fins because of some reasons. On the contrary, the lecturer totally disagrees with the notion given in the passage. The professor’s lecture casts doubt on the reading by using the following three points.

　　The first point that the professor uses to refute the reading is that the whales that swim in circle not only swim in one direction, but also swim in the other direction. According to the professor,some whales tend to swim in the clockwise direction, while other whales prefer swimming in the anti-clockwise direction. Therefore, the explanation given in the reading about the unbalanced muscular forces can not be true.

　　Moreover, contrary to the belief in the passage that nutrition is a main reason leading to the different whale fin types, the professor argues that if nutrition is one of the causes, it will affect other organs besides fins of whales. Furthermore, whales feed on different kinds of food, so the nutrition ingested by whales is various. Then the professor concludes that nutrition can not be the decisive reason.Finally，the reading states that water pressure is another main cause account for the difference between those whale fin types. On the other hand, according to the viewpoint of the professor,whales are active in both shallow and deep region of seas where water pressures are greatly different in two regions. In particular，there is one special whale in the near shallow sea of New Zealand. The whale has the type of fin which is supposed to be deep-sea whales’ fin. If water pressure is a decisive factor, one may ask why this type of whales still lives in the shallow sea near New Zealand.

　　Thereby，from the lecturer’s point of view, water pressure is proved not to be one main reason by the real example. (309words )

　　独立写作 plan 1

　　Which way do you think is the best for a student to make new friends, a. joing a sports team,

　　b. participate in community activities, c. traveling

　　It is probably true that we have hundreds or even thousands of acquaintances, but not all of them can be considered to be our friends. With or without our full awareness, friends must share a great portion of our character, our beliefs and our interests. An activity that can help you make new friends surely enables you to form a better understanding of other people and vice versa. Thus, joining a sports team would be my first choice.

　　To begin with, certain type of sport attracts people with certain character. Therefore your chance of meeting a potential friend while doing it is high. For instance, people who love Snooker are normally calm and steady; People who find themselves passionate for fishing must enjoy the long waiting before the thrilling bite; And rock-climbers are usually strong both physically and psychologically. If you like this.type of sport, you might like the person who shares your interest as well.

　　In addition, sports provide us a goal to fight for. Hence they build up a precious experience for the participants, which is essential for long-lasting friendship. I used to be in the basketball team of our high school and I played as the guard.

　　Although it was almost five years ago, I can still remember all the exiting moments when we won and the tears after we lost the final. They are so vivid as if they just happened yesterday. And although our team members went to different universities, we still keep in touch with each other and hang out together from time to time. Every time we get reunited, these important memories always give us the feeling that we have never been apart.

　　Furthermore, sports can help reveal the deep truth of someone. Friendship innately embodies a profound understanding that each friend has for the other. Undeniably, we more or less put on some make-up on our personality, for we all want other people to like us. But those moments under high pressure or choices involving loss and gain will inevitably reveal who we really are and what we truly believe. And such moments or choices are never rare in sports. Would you cheat to win a game or rather loss it honestly? If your fellow player has more chance than you to accomplish a goal, will you pass the ball to him or her? These situations always tell. As a result, we can always see friendship built or damaged.

　　To conclude, joining a sports team may never fail your expectation to make some new friends. It brings people together and accelerates the process of understanding each other. If you don’t have a favorite sport yet，do some research to find one. If you already have your answer, join a team and meet some new fellows there, maybe your best friend to be has already been awaiting(475).
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