A. reserved B. preserved C. perverted D. restricted
Ⅱ. Identify errors in the following sentences and correct them. (20 points)
(1) Mrs. Jackson saw the helicopter raise into the sky。
(2)Nobody besides little John thinks that a trip by bus is exciting。
(3)The Great Wall is the famous tourist site in world。
(4)A severe illness when she was just nineteen months old deprived the well-know writer Joseph Kate both her sight and her hearing。
(5)I regret having left my daughter at home; I should bring her with me。
(6) Football and baseball, which played in the United States today, are basically modifications of games that originated in England。
(7)Much though he needed money for a new car, he decided not to borrow it from the bank。
(8)David Singer, my friend’s father, while raised and educated in New York, lived and lectured in Africa most of his life。
(9) I forgot doing it。
(10) This is marvelous, isn’t it?
Ⅲ. Cloze Test (20 points)
Fill in each bland with one suitable word from the four choices
Digital photography is still new enough that most of us have yet to form an opinion about it, __1___ develop a point of view. But this hasn't stopped many film and computer fans from agreeing__2___ the early conventional wisdom about digital cameras-they're neat__3___for your PC, but they're not suitable for everyday picture taking。
The fans are wrong. More than anything else, digital cameras are radically__4__what photography means and what it can be. The venerable medium of photography __5___ we know is beginning to seem out of _6__with the way we live. In our computer and camcorder_7___,saving pictures as digital__8__ and watching them on TV is no less practical-and in many ways more__9__ than fumbling with rolls of film that must be sent off to be__10___。
Paper is also terribly_11__. Pictures that are incorrectly framed, 12 , or lighted are nonetheless committed to film and ultimately processed into prints。
The digital medium changes the 13 . Still images that are 14 digitally can immediately be shown on a computer 15 , a TV screen, or a small liquid crystal display (LCD)built rights into the camera. And since the points of light that__16__an image are saved as a series of digital bits in electronic memory,_17___ being permanently etched onto film, they can be erased, retouched, and transmitted＿ 18 。
What's it like to＿19with one of these digital cameras? It's a little like a first date—exciting, confusing and fraught with＿20 。
1. A.rather than B. more than C. much less D. so as to
2. A. on B with C.to D. by
3. A. attachments B. auxiliaries C. attributes D. counterparts
4. A. reexplaining B. rearranging C. reexposing D. redefining
5. A. though B. if C. as D. unless
6. A rate B. pace C. step D. speed
7. A.environment B. civilization C. community D. culture
8. A files B. documents C.programs D.softwarws
9. A. appealing B. facilitating C.enlightening D. encouraging
10. A converted B. developed C. exposed D. evolved
11. A. unforgiving B. unperceiving C. unconsidering D. unsympathizing
12. A. aimed B. targeted C. focused D. pointed
13. A. regulations B. rules C. disciplines D. principles
14. A gripped B. seized C. grasped D. captured
15. A. demonstrator B. exhibitor C. monitor D. transmitter
16. A. constitute B. illumine C. penetrate D. dissolve
17. A. in case B. rather than C. as well as D. as though
18. A. on digit B. on cable C. as well as D. as though
19. A. fire B. maneuver C. operate D. shoot
20. A. chances B. probabilities C. opportunities D. possibilities
Ⅳ. Read the following four passages and answer the questions after each passage. (20%， 2 points for each question)
Passage One
Intelligence tests have been involved in the promotion of eugenics, the idea that you could control the human race by selective breeding. Francis Galton---one of the pioneers of intelligence tests-was also a founding member of the Eugenics Society in the UK. The belief that intelligence is biologically determined in the make-up of the brain, and therefore to some extent genetically determined, is widely accepted. But a number of researchers over the years have used this idea to advocate social change. Using intelligence as one of their factors, Hernstein and Murray’s controversial book, The Bell Curve(1994) argued that differences in IQ scored between racial groups reflect innate biological differences。
The Bell Curve is a graph that plots the range of IQ scores of an average population. However, it can be interpreted in many ways, and when the intelligence of the whole human race is in question, the stakes are high. Critics argue that the way intelligence is measured contains a high level of random variation and therefore it’s impossible to generalize it all into one graph. However, belief in the Bell Curve and in the genetic, rather than social, basis for intelligence has unfortunately led to the propagation of many racist ideas. Evidence to suggest social factors are important in ‘ intelligence’ is strong.
The US military tested recruits to assign rank and found that black applicants scored lower than whites. However, analysis of the recruits were found to be due to educational differences; black recruits scored very low until the 1950s, when an increase in score corresponded to improved educational standards for all。
In spring 1998, Robert Plomin claimed to have discovered a gene linked with intelligence. More recently, the Human Genome Project is cautious when approaching areas implying r
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