位置:首页 > 英语翻译 > 英语初级口译
恒星英语:英语口译教程(基础篇)
日期:2008-09-23
  (13)Iit is a bother to me。这对我来说是件麻烦事。  She is an honor to her school,她是个为母校增光的人。  a用在抽象名词前,使抽象名词变为普通名词。  (14)a new moon一轮新月(c.f. the moon月亮)  a world like ours像我们这样的世界(c.f. the world世界)  原本the的名词改用a后,表示某种状态。  (15)a red and black skirt一条红黑相间的裙子(一条)  a red and a black skirt一条红裙和一条黑裙(二条)  两个词同指一物或一人时只用一个a,指两件物品或两个人时,两个词分别用a。   怎样用英语表示数字  在汉英笔译和英语写作中,经常会遇到数字;哪些场合用单词表示,哪些场合用阿拉伯数字表示,往往使人难以确定,现行语法书中也极少涉及此类问题。   实际上,以英语为母语的国家,在书写数字时已形成几条约定俗成的规则,现总结如下供读者参考。  (1)英美等国的出版社在排版时遵循一条原则,即1至10用单词表示,10以上的数目用阿拉伯数字(也有的以100为界限),这条原则值得我们行文时借鉴。如:  That table measures ten feet by five.  那个工作台长10英尺,宽5英尺。  The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week.  由一个教授和十名学生每周会晤两三次,每次授课时间45到50分钟,是大学程度课堂教学的传统方式。  (2)大数目用阿技伯数字表示显得更简洁明了,但不定数量、近似值用单词表示较恰当。如:  There are 203817 voters on the electoral rolls。  选举名单上有203817个投票人。  Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election.  近3万个投票人参加了这次选举。   (3)遇到日期、百分比、带单位的特殊数字,通常用阿拉伯数字。如:  Maximum swivel of table is l20.  工作台的最大回转角度是120度。  又如:  ①3rd march l991或3 march l991; a discount of 5 percent(5%的折扣);  ②purchased 7 yards of carpet(买7码地毯);  ③ordered 2 pounds of minced steak (订购2磅剁碎的肉)。  如果涉及的数目和单位是不定数,可用单词表示,  如:① about five miles per hour(每小时大约5英里),   ②at least ten yards away(至少有10码远),  ③hesitated for a moment or two(犹豫了片刻),  ④i have warned you a hundred times(我已经警告你多少遍了)。  (4)在科技文章中,数字频繁出现,用阿拉伯数字比用单词陈述更有利,如:  The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 liters and a power out-put of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per minute。  这台新发动机的容积为4.3升,转速为每分钟4400转时输出功率是153千瓦。  we know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0℃,and 76cm,pressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound.   我们知道,1立方英尺的空气在0摄氏度和760毫米汞柱压力下,重量是0.81磅,也就是说12立方英尺空气的重量是1磅。  (5)句首不用阿拉伯数字,句末要尽量避免用阿拉伯数字,  4th July is an important date in American history.  应该写成the fourth of July...  19 couples took part in the ballroom dancing competition.  19对选手参加了交际舞比赛。应改写成:Nineteen couples took…  60% profit was a reported.据报道有60%的利润。  应改写成:Sixty per cent profit…  1345 kilograms force was applied at the center point of the bar.  试验时在杆的中点加1345公斤力。  可改成When tested, a force of l345 kg was applied…  (6)遇到分数,可用带连字符号的单词表示,如:  At 1east two-thirds of the class have had colds. 这个班至少有三分之二的学生患重感冒。  Nitrogen forms about four-fifths of the atmosphere. 氮约占大气的五分之四。   Sports  1. 创记录  e.g. had broken or chalked up 495 world records.  也可以说:  produce a total of 495 world records.  set(up)/create/establish/make a new record.  2. 刷新记录  rewrite/renew/better/improve the world/one's own record  3. 其它   e.g. equal/match a record  reach a record  hold/keep the record for...  4. 得冠军,得奖牌的表达方法  e.g. had won 582 world championships  也可以说:  gain world titles/championships  take/capture 6 titles out of a possible 7  sweep all the 7 titles  wrest the championship from...  5. 体育运动中的“实力”,“强项”怎么译?  “实力”可译作“strength””或“power”,如:  Chinese athletes showed their traditional strength in some track and field events.  “实力”也可能形容词“powerful”或“strong”表达,如:  Chinese women basketball players are very powerful/strong.  “强项”可译作“strong game/sport”。  6. “黑马”为什么是“dark”horse?  “黑马”是“dark”而不是“black”horse 这里dark的含义是“不清楚”,“不明朗”,表示对于某人“知道甚少”的意思。   Education  1.“培养”(人才)怎么译?  “培养”可译做 train, turn out 或 produce,如:  turn out large numbers of skilled workers  have trained...assistant and middle level technicians  the college produces very good interpreters.  有时“培养”也译做foster,如:  to foster activists培养积极分子  2.“工作单位”怎么译?  我国出版的英文报刊常把“工作单位”译作“work unit”,unit一词在英语中经常用不 指“部队”;翻译时如能用具体的词,如school, factory, hospital, company等可能更明白易懂。若指为特殊目的成立的机构(如医院,学校,公司等),也可考虑用institution一词代替。原工作单位也可译作the institution at which one used to work。  3.program一词的意思  program有syllabus(课程提纲)或curriculum(一个学校,专业,或学科的全部课程)的意思,如今也用来表示学校开设的“专业”,如:We have a MA program in literature/an intercultural communication program,或学校所设的“(训练)部”,如:the un language training program;Mr. Lin is in charge of the Chinese program in our university.
 3/4   首页 上一页 1 2 3 4 下一页 尾页