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集合名词作主语时的主谓一致用法
日期:2017-05-15

集合名词作主语时的主谓一致用法

1. 只表示复数意义的集合名词:police(警察),people(人),cattle(牛,牲口)等集合名词,总是表示复数意义,用作主语时,其谓语要用复数。如:

People are not interested in such things.人们对那样的事不感兴趣。

The cattle are in the shed. 牛在栏内。

The police are watching this man’s movements very carefully. 警察正在密切监视这个男人的活动。

2. 只表示单数意义的集合名词:clothing(衣服),poetry(诗歌),baggage / luggage(行李), furniture(家具),machinery(机械),scenery(景色),jewellery(珠宝),equipment(设备)等集合名词通常只用作不可数名词,只表示单数意义,用作主语时,其后谓语动词用单数形式。如:

Ragged clothing infers poverty. 衣衫褴褛意味着贫困。

Some furniture is made of bamboo. 有些家具是竹制的。

All their baggage was stolen. 他们所有的行李都被偷了。

3. 需根据情况来确定单复数意义的集合名词:family(家庭),team(队,队员),class(班,班上的全体学生),crowd(人群),government(政府),crew(乘务员),committee(委员会),audience(听众),public(公众)等集合名词,当它们表示整体意义时,表单数意义,当它们强调个体意义时,表示复数意义。如:

His family isn’t very large. 他家成员不多。

His family are music lovers. 他家个个都是音乐爱好者。

The team is the best in the league. 这个队在联赛中打得最好。

The football team are having baths. 足球队队员们在洗澡。

注:有时没有特定的语境,用单复数谓语均可以。如:

The public is the best judge. / The public are the best judges. 公众是最好的判断者。

The family was [were] too poor to make many acquaintances. 这家人太穷,不能结识很多人。