定语从句关系词省略研究

关系词有时可以省略，但这只限于限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，关系词则不可省略。

一、关系代词作宾语时的省略

当关系代词who, whom, which和that在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时，可以省略。如：

Is there anything (which) you wanted? 想要什么东西吗?

Is there anything (which) you wanted? 想要什么东西吗?

Have you anything (which) you’d like to sell? 你有什么东西想卖吗?

This was the worst film (that) he had ever seen. 这是他所看过的电影中最差的一部。

That is the house (that) we built. 这就是我们盖的房子。

He is the kindest man (that) I have ever met. 他是我遇到过的最仁厚的人。

It was the most worrying day (that) he had ever spent. 这是他度过的最烦恼的日子。

I wore the necklace (which) my grandmother (had) left me. 我戴着祖母留给我的项链。

It’s the only building (which) I’ve ever seen which is made entirely of glass. 这是我所见过的唯一的一座全部用玻璃造的建筑物。

Who is the man (that / who / whom) you were talking to? 刚才和你讲话的人是谁?

 You remember the boy (who) I was going out with? 你记得那个跟我约会的小伙子吗?

She’s the only woman (who) I’ve really been in love with. 我真正爱过的只有这个女人。

二、关系代词作表语时的省略

当关系代词that在定语从句中用作表语时，可以省略。如：

China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。(that作表语)

My son is not the boy (that) he used to be. 我的儿子已不是过去的样子了。(that作表语)

Can you remember the factory (that) it used to be? 你还记得工厂原来的样子吗? (that作表语)

When he came back, he found that his hometown was not the one (that) it had been. 他回来的时候，发现家乡已不是原来的样子了。(that作表语)

三、关系代词作宾补时的省略

当关系代词that在定语从句中用作宾语补足时，可以省略。如：

I’m not the madman (that) you thought me. 我并不是你所认为的那个疯子。(that作宾语补语)