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新概念第二册自学导读 Lessons64
日期:2011-10-03

课文详注 Further notes on the text

1.a plan for a twenty-one-mile tunnel,建造一条长  21英里的隧道的计划。

twenty-one-mile作 tunnel的修饰语,注意 mile为单数。plan for +名词/动名词表示“……的计划”:

They always make plans for their holidays, but, in the end, they always stay at home.

他们总是为假期制订各种计划,但是,末了,他们总是呆在家里。

He came with a plan for (building) a bridge over the river.

他带来了在这条河上建一座桥的计划。

2.serve as,充当,起……的作用(也可以说 serve for)。

The books on the floor may serve as/ for a carpet.

地板上的书可充当地毯用了。

This sofa can serve as/ for(a) bed.

这张沙发可以当床用。

3.a better plan was put forward, 提出了一项更好的计划。

put forward为固定短语,可分开用,其含义之一是“提出(计划、建议等)”:

You know they wouldn't accept your plan. Why did you put it forward?

你知道他们不会接受你的计划。你为什么要提出来呢?

Has he put forward any suggestion?

他提出什么建议了吗?

4.He suggested that a double railway-tunnel should be built.他提
议建一条双轨隧道。

suggest后面跟从句时,从句的谓语动词形式为 should(可省略)+动词原形(cf.第63课语法):

He suggested (that) they (should) change the plans.

他建议他们改变计划。

suggest后面也可以跟名词或动名词形式。(cf.第47课词汇学习)

5.It was officially opened on March 7,1994, finally connecting Britain to the European continent.它于1994年3月7日正式开通,将英国与欧洲大陆连到了一起。

现在分词 connecting 引导的短语相当于一个并列分句。connect表示“连接”、“连结”,可与to或with连用:

This road connects the willage with/to London.

这条公路连接着这个村子与伦敦。

The lake and the canal are connected by a river.

这个湖与运河之间由一条小河相连。

语法 Grammar in use

第3类条件句

(1)在第16课的语法中,我们学习了用第1类条件句表示将来很可能发生的事:

If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it.

一旦你把汽车停错了地方,交通警便很快就会发现。

在第40课的语法中,我们学习了用第2类条件句谈论想像中的情况或描写完全不可能的事:

If you ate more and talked less, we would both enjoy our dinner!

如果你多吃点,少说点,我们两个都会吃得好的!

If I were you, I would not go to London tomorrow.

如果我是你,我明天就不去伦敦。(婉转的建议)

(2)第3类条件句的基本结构与前两类都不一样,if从句需用过去完成时,主句用 would have/should have+过去分词形式:

If it had rained, we would have stayed at home.

要是下雨,我们就会呆在家里了。

第3类条件句在if从句里设想纯粹想像的事情,在主句里讲述想像的结果。它与第2类条件句有一定的相似之处。但是,第3类条件句所谈的是没有或永远不可能有的结果,因为它们指的是过去没有过的事情。它们是所谓的“假设条件句”:

If I had worked harder at school, I'd have go a better job.

要是我上学时勤奋一些,我就会有较好的工作了。(事实是现在的工作不太好)

在 if从句中可用 could have+过去分词代替 had been able to +动词原形


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