词汇学习 Word study

1．ask与ask for

ask最常用的意思是“问”、“询问”：

I asked (Mary) a question.

我（向玛丽）问了一个问题。

它也可以表达“请求”、“要求”或“邀请”等意思：

They asked Tony to sing a song.

他们请托尼唱支歌。

They asked her to spend the weekend with them.

他们邀请她一起度周末。

ask for表示“要”、“要求”：

You are always asking for help.

你总是要人帮忙。

I asked for a cup of coffee, but they gave me a cup of tea.

我要的是一杯咖啡，但他们却给了我一杯茶。

2．except, except for与apart from

3者都表示“除……以外”，有时可以互相代替使用：

Everyone has helped in some way apart from/ except for/except you.

每个人都帮了点忙，只有你没有。

I have no other books except/ except for these.

除了这些书以外我再没有其他书了。

但是 except不用于句首，except for/ apart from则可以：

Apart from/ Except for you, everyone has helped in some way.

除了你，每个人都帮了点忙。

3．短语 which of, either of, neither of与 both of

这些短语都可用于指两个人或两件事。

（1）当询问在两个或更多的人或事物中偏爱哪一个或选择哪一个时，可用 which:

I like both of these bags. Which of the two do you prefer?

这两个包我都喜欢。你喜欢哪一个？

（2）either与neither都是对两个人或物而言（后接单数名词）。either指 one or the other（不是这个就是那个），either和 neither 后跟of时则指两个事物中的每一个：

(3）both只指两个人或物。当它用在名词前时，of可有可无：

Both books/ Both of the books are interesting.

两本书都很有趣。

当both用在代词前面时，其后必须加of:

Both of us/ them left early.

我们俩／他们俩都走得很早。

I love both of you.

我爱你们俩。

练习答案 Key to written exercises

1．关键句型练习答案

A 1 I drove on to the next town after I had left a small village.2 I said good morning to him in French as soon as he had got into the car.

3 I had nearly reached the town, when the young man said:‘Do you speak English?’

C 1 After she had written the letter, she went to the post office.

2 After he had had dinner, he went to the cinema.

3 When I had fastened my seat belt, the plane took off.

4 We did not disturb him until he had finished work.

5 As soon as he had left the room, I turned on the radio.

6 He had been very ill before he died.

D 1 regretted  2 had begun/ began  3 arrived

2．难点练习答案

1 Except for  2 both of  3 Apart from

4 asked…ask for  5 neither of…asked

3．多项选择题答案

1 b  2 c  3 a  4 c  5 d  6 b

7 c  8 b  9 c  10 b  11 b  12 b

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