L47-06 end 12’50”

L47-07 begin 14’08”

contribute to 引起，导致，是......的起因
Eg: Air pollution contributes to disease.

object to take object to

背熟：Loud conversations on mobile phones invade our thoughts or interrupt the pleasure of meeting friends for a quiet chat.

Eg: The air pollution survey revealed... 空气污染调查显示......

turn out: prove
offend:惹怒 offender 罪魁祸首
were found:客观描述
It is said...
It is revealed...

背熟：20% of mem in their mid-thirties
in their early thirties
背熟：Against these figures, it was found that ...
Comparing these figures, we found that...

背熟：are woken 被惊醒 / keep awake 不能入睡

比较：
Whatever the source of noise, one thing is certain: silence, it seems, has become a golden memory.
However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled. （L44，ll28-29）

L47-07 end 14’08”

L47-08 begin 10’08”

【Vocabulary 】P218
Explain the meanings of the following words and phrases as they are used in the passage: dump(l.3); sheer volume (l.5); rubbish (l.5); leads to (l.8); dairy (l.11); abandon (l.11)organically-grown (l.12)
dump: drop completely
sheer volume: pure amount
rubbish: garbage
lead to: result in, cause; bring about
dairy: a place where milk is kept and milk product are made
abandon: give up
organically-grown: using farming or gardening methods without artificial chemicals or fertilizer

【Multiple choice questions】
Comprehension
1 ---- the sheer volume of rubbish we produce worldwide _____.
a. is heaped up like a great mountain
b. is spread over the world like a blanket
c. is already beyond our control
d. is like a tide that will rise and drown us

2 The root cause of pollution in agriculture is _____ .
a. the intensive use of pesticides and fertilizers
b. the twin pressures to produce more food and at lower cost
c. the confloct between good hygiene and cheap meat production
d. the unrealistic price of organically-grown vegetables
背熟： The root cause of pollution in agriculture is the twin pressures to produce more food and at lower cost.

3 For most people, the most distressing form of noise pollution is _____ .
a. dogs barking all night b. people using mobile phones
c. heavy trucks in quiet villages d. noisy neighbours having parties

4 Snoring causes a severe noise problem for _____ .
a. young males in particular b. a majority of middle-aged men
c. women of all ages d. young women especially
背熟：Snoring causes a severe noise problem for women of all ages.

Structure
5 ---- there are only four ways _____ rubbish. (ll.2-3)
a. of dealing with b. which to deal with c. can be dealt with d. to be dealing with

6 We keep trying _____ methods.(l.5)
a. these all four b. of these all four c. all of these four d. all these of four

7 Burglar alarms _____ at any time of the day or night serve only to annoy.(ll.16-17)
a. that go off b. that are going off c. go off d. which going off
people traveling around the world quite often

L47-08 end 10’08”

L47-09 begin 5’34”

8 A recent survey revealed that _____dogs barking incessantly in the night that we dislike most.(ll.18-19)
a. it is b. is c. there be d. there are

vocabulary 词汇
9 ★★★ New technology has also _____ in noise pollution. (l.23)
a. done its bit b. done a share c. played a role d. given its all
make contributio to 导致，造成了
play an important role / part in sth.
Eg: Reading plays an important role in our English study.
do its bit: 尽本份做应该做的
do a share: 做好份内工作

10 A lot of people _____ to mobile phones, especially in public places. (l.24)
a. except b. offend c. take exception d. take offence
take exception against
offernd 冒犯，触怒，使不舒服
take offence at sb. / sth.

11 背熟：The noise pollution survey _____ a rather surprising source of noise. (ll.26-27)
a. brought to light b. gave birth to c. came to be d. took the lid off
bring sth. to light
come to light

12 _____ these figures, it was found that only 5% of women snore. (l.29)
a. Comparing with b. By comparison with c. In comparing d. In comparing with
by comparison
by comparison with sth.

【Key to Multiple choice questions】
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. A 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. A 12. B
L47-09 end 5’34” Lesson47B end 54:49 Lesson47 end 1:43:18