◆dweller n. 居住者
◆stagger v. 摇晃；蹒跚
◆exotic adj. 寻乎寻常的，外来的
◆glow n. 白炽光
◆descend v. 下落，降临
Eg: darkness descends very soon because winter is coming.
descend from 从 ...... 传下来
Eg: The watch descended from his grandfather.
descend on / upon 突然袭击，
He visited me suddenly.
He looked me up suddenly.
He called on me suddenly.
Yesterday, my best friend descended on me.
descend to 传给......
descend from...to
descend / descend from / descend to / descend on / descend upon
drop
I dropped the glass onto the floor.
ascend ant.
The aeroplane is ascending at tremendous speed.
◆tuck v. 缩进，隐藏
◆obstinately adv. 固执地，顽固地
obstinate adj. 顽固而不易被别人所改变
Eg: If you are an obstinate person, nobody can change your mind.
stubbom 倔强
Eg: He is such a stubborn person that he insists on finishing what he wants to do.
Don’t try to persuade him because he is an obstinate person.
persistent
persist
Eg: If you always follow your friends around, I should say, you are a persist person.
strong minded 顽强的，意志力强
Eg: If you are a strong minded person, you can do everything well.
obstinate / stubborn
as stubborn as mule 像牛一样倔强 (骡子)
【Text】
§ Lesson 41 Illusions of pastoral peace 宁静田园生活的遐想
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What particular anxiety spoils thecountry dweller’s visit to thetheatre?
The quiet life of the country ahs never appealed to me. City born and city bred. I have always regarded the country as something you look at through a train window, or something you occasional visit during the weekend. Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always go into raptures at the mere mention of the country. Though they extol the virtues of the peaceful life, only one of hem has ever gone to live in the country and he was back in town within six months. Even he still lives under the illusion that country life is somehow superior to town life. He is forever talking about the friendly people, the clean atmosphere, the closeness to nature and the gentle pace of living. Nothing can be compared, he maintains, with the first cockcrow, the twittering of birds at dawn, the sight of the rising sun glinting on the trees and pastures. This idyllic pastoral scene is only part of the picture. My friend fails to mention the long and friendless winter evenings in front of the TV -- virtually the only form of entertainment. He says nothing about the poor selection of goods in the shops, or about those unfortunate people who have to travel from the country to the city every day to get to work. Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond me. They could be saved so much misery and expense if they chose to live in the city where they rightly belong.
If you can do without the few pastoral pleasures of the country, you will find the city can provide you with the best that life can offer. You never have to travel miles to see your friends. They invariably live nearby and are always available for an informal chat or an evening's entertainment. Some of my acquaintances in the country come up to town once or twice a year to visit the theatre as a special treat. For them this is a major operation which involves considerable planning. As the play draws to its close, they wonder whether they will ever catch that last train home. The cit dweller never experiences anxieties of this sort. The latest exhibitions, films, or plays are only a short bus ride away. Shopping, too, is always a pleasure. The latest exhibitions, films, or plays are only a short bus ride away. Shopping, too, is always a pleasure. There is so much variety that you never have to make do with second best. Country people run wild when they go shopping in the city and stagger home loaded with as many of the exotic items as they can carry. Nor is the city without its moments of beauty. There is something comforting about the warm glow shed by advertisements on cold wet winter nights. Few things could be more impressive than the peace that descends on deserted city streets at weekends when the thousands that travel to work every day are tucked away in their homes in the country. It has always been a mystery to me who city dwellers, who appreciate all these things, obstinately pretend that they would prefer to live in the country.
【参考译文】
宁静的乡村生活从来没有吸引过我。我生在城市，长在城市，总认为乡村是透过火车车窗看到的那个样了，或偶尔周末去游玩一下景象。我的许多朋友都住在城市，但他们只要一提起乡村，马上就会变得欣喜若狂。尽管他们都交口称赞宁静的乡村生活的种种优点，但其中只有一个人真去农村住过，而且不足6个月就回来了。即使他也仍存有幻觉，好像乡村生活就是比城市生活优越。他滔滔不绝地大谈友好的农民，洁净的空气，贴近大自然的环境和悠闲的生活节奏。他坚持认为，凌晨雄鸡第一声啼叫，黎明时分小鸟吱喳欢叫，冉冉升起的朝阳染红树木、牧场，此番美景无与伦比。但这种田园诗般的乡村风光仅仅是一个侧面。我的朋友没有提到在电视机前度过的漫长寂寞的冬夜——电视是唯一的娱乐形式。他也不说商店货物品种单调，以及那些每天不得不从乡下赶到城里工作的不幸的人们。人们为什么情愿每天在路上奔波4个小时去换取值得怀疑的乡间的优点，我是无法理解的。要是他们愿意住在本来属于他们的城市，则可以让他们省去诸多不便与节约大量开支。
如果你愿舍弃乡下生活那一点点乐趣的话，那么你会发出城市可以为你提供生活最美好的东西。你去看朋友根本不用跋涉好几英里，因为他们都住在附近，你随时可以同他们聊天或在晚上一起娱乐。我在乡村有一些熟人，他们每年进城来看一回或几回戏，并把此看作一种特殊的享受。看戏在他们是件大事，需要精心计划。当戏快演完时，他们又为是否能赶上末班火车回家而犯愁。这种焦虑，城里人是从未体验过的。坐公共汽车几站路，就可看到最新的展览、电影、戏剧。买东西也是一种乐趣。物品种繁多，从来不必用二等品来凑合。乡里人进城采购欣喜若狂，每次回家时都买足了外来商品，直到拿不动方才罢休，连走路都摇摇晃晃的。城市也并非没有良辰美景。寒冷潮湿的冬夜里，广告灯箱发出的暖光，会给人某种安慰。周末，当成千上万进城上班的人回到他们的乡间寓所之后，空旷的街市笼罩着一种宁静气氛，没有什么能比此时的宁静更令人难忘了。城里人对这一切心里很明白，却偏要执拗地装出他们喜欢住在乡村的样子，这对我来说一直是个谜。
【课文讲解】
背熟：The quiet life of the country has never appealed to me.
组织一篇议论文主要有三段：
1 开头段
2 支持段
3 结尾段
在开头段第一句话或最后一句话说出主题。
city born and city bred ==as O was born and bred in a city 独立主格结构
regard as
think of ...as / refer to ...as
L41-04 end 18’14”
L41-05 begin 18’11”
go into raptures 变得欣喜若狂起来
背熟：Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always go into raptures at the mere mention of the country.
at the mere mention of 一提到
at the sight of 一看到
at the touch of 一触及到
at the news of 一听到
at the sound of 一听到
at the nemtion of 一提到